The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation, a style guide A style guide or style manual is a set of standards for the writing and design of documents, either for general use or for a specific publication, organization or field. The implementation of a style guide provides uniformity in style and formatting of a document, prescribes the most widely used legal citation system in the United States ^ b. English is the de facto language of American government and the sole language spoken at home by 80% of Americans age five and older. Spanish is the second most commonly spoken language. The Bluebook is compiled by the Harvard Law Review The Harvard Law Review is a journal of legal scholarship published by an independent student group at Harvard Law School Association, the Columbia Law Review The Columbia Law Review is a law review edited and published entirely by students at Columbia Law School. It was founded in 1901 by Joseph E. Corrigan and John M. Woolsey, who served as the Review's first editor-in-chief and secretary. The Review celebrated the publication of its 100th volume in 2000, the University of Pennsylvania Law Review The University of Pennsylvania Law Review is a scholarly journal focusing on legal issues, published by an organization of second and third year J.D. students at the University of Pennsylvania Law School. Volume 158 is being published during the 2009-2010 academic year. Currently, seven issues are published each volume, with the last two issues, and the Yale Law Journal The Yale Law Journal is a student-run journal of legal scholarship affiliated with the Yale Law School. Published continuously since 1891, it is the most widely known of the eight law reviews published by students at Yale Law School. The journal is one of the most cited legal publications in the nation and usually generates the highest number of. Currently, it is in its 19th edition. It is so named because its cover is blue.
Alternative legal citation style guides exist, including the ALWD Citation Manual The ALWD Citation Manual is a legal citation system for the United States compiled by the Association of Legal Writing Directors. Its first edition was published in 2000. Currently, it is in its third edition and the Maroonbook, used by journals published at the University of Chicago Law School The University of Chicago Law School is the graduate school of law at the University of Chicago. Established in 1902, the school is among the highest ranked law schools in the United States. It is currently ranked 6th by the US News & World Report law school rankings, tied with Berkeley. The school awards the Juris Doctor degree, as well as. Many state courts have their own citation rules that take precedence over the Bluebook for documents filed with those courts. Some of the local rules are simple modifications to the Bluebook system, such as Maryland Maryland is a major center for life sciences research and development. With more than 350 biotechnology companies located there, Maryland is the third-largest nexus in this field in the United States's requirement that citations to Maryland cases include a reference to the official Maryland reporter. Delaware Delaware is located in the northeastern portion of the Delmarva Peninsula and is the second smallest state in area . Estimates in 2007 rank the population of Delaware as 45th in the nation, but 6th in population density, with more than 60% of the population in New Castle County. Delaware is divided into three counties. From north to south, these's Supreme Court has promulgated rules of citation for unreported cases markedly different from Bluebook standards, and custom in that state as to the citation format of the Delaware Code also differs from the Bluebook.[citation needed] In other states, notably New York New York City, the most populous city in the United States, is known for its status as a financial, cultural, transportation, and manufacturing center, and for its history as a gateway for immigration to the United States. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, it is also a destination of choice for many foreign visitors. Both state and, California California's geography ranges from the Pacific coast to the Sierra Nevada mountain range in the east, to Mojave desert areas in the southeast and the Redwood–Douglas fir forests of the northwest. The center of the state is dominated by the Central Valley, one of the most productive agricultural areas in the world. California is the most, Texas Houston is the largest city in Texas and the fourth-largest in the United States, while San Antonio is the second largest in the state and seventh largest in the United States. Dallas–Fort Worth and Greater Houston are the fourth and sixth largest United States metropolitan areas, respectively. Other major cities include El Paso and Austin—the and Michigan Michigan is the eighth most populous state in the United States. It has the longest freshwater shoreline of any political subdivision in the world, being bounded by four of the five Great Lakes, plus Lake Saint Clair. In 2005, Michigan ranked third among US states for the number of registered recreational boats, behind California and Florida, the local rules are so different from the Bluebook that they are codified in their own style guides.
An online version of the Bluebook was launched in 2008.[1]
Contents |
Elements
The 18th edition of the Bluebook governs the style and formatting of various references and elements of a legal publication, including:
- Structure and Use of Citations
- Typefaces for Law Reviews
- Subdivisions
- Short Citation Forms
- Quotations
- Abbreviations, Numerals, and Symbols
- Italicization for Style and in Unique Circumstances
- Capitalization
- Titles of Judges, Officials, and Terms of Court
- Cases
- Constitutions
- Statutes
- Legislative Materials
- Administrative and Executive Materials
- Books, Reports, and Other Nonperiodic Materials
- Periodical Materials
- Unpublished and Forthcoming Sources
- Electronic Media and Other Nonprint Resources
- Services
- Foreign Materials
- International Materials
See also
- Legal citation signals
- Oxford Standard for Citation Of Legal Authorities The Oxford Standard for Citation Of Legal Authorities or OSCOLA is the modern method of legal citation in the United Kingdom. Developed by Peter Birks and Andrew Burrows of the University of Oxford Faculty of Law, it has been adopted by most established journals in the United Kingdom as well as the courts or "OSCOLA The Oxford Standard for Citation Of Legal Authorities or OSCOLA is the modern method of legal citation in the United Kingdom. Developed by Peter Birks and Andrew Burrows of the University of Oxford Faculty of Law, it has been adopted by most established journals in the United Kingdom as well as the courts"
- Citation signal: Introductory signals Introductory signals are used in legal citations to present authorities and show how the authorities relate to propositions in textual statements. A legal writer uses an introductory signal to tell readers how her citation to legal authority supports, or does not support, her written proposition. Introductory signals organize the writer's
References
External links
- Official website
- Introduction to legal citation, by Peter W. Martin
- A Bluebook Guide for Law Students, by Scott Akehurst-Moore
Categories: Bibliography Categories: Books | Library and information science | Academic publishing | Legal citation guides | American law journals