A monograph is a work of writing upon a single subject, usually also by a single author. It is often a scholarly essay An essay is usually a short piece of writing which is often written from an author's personal point of view. Essays can consist of a number of elements, including: literary criticism, political manifestos, learned arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author. The definition of an essay is vague, overlapping or learned treatise A treatise is a formal and systematic written discourse on some subject, generally longer and treating it in greater depth than an essay, and more concerned with investigating or exposing the principles of the subject, and may be released in the manner of a book A book is a set or collection of written, printed, illustrated, or blank sheets, made of paper, parchment, or other various material, usually fastened together to hinge at one side. A single sheet within a book is called a leaf, and each side of a leaf is called a page. A book produced in electronic format is known as an electronic book or journal article An article is a stand-alone section of a larger written work. These nonfictional prose compositions appear in magazines, newspapers, academic journals, the Internet or any other type of publication. It is by definition a single document that forms a complete text in itself. An author may therefore declare his own work to be a monograph by intent, or a reader or critic might define a given text as a monograph for the purpose of analysis. Normally it is used for a work intended to be a complete and detailed exposition of a substantial subject at a level more advanced than that of a textbook. Monographs form a component of the review literature in science and engineering.
Librarians consider a monograph to be a nonserial publication complete in one volume or a finite number of volumes. Thus it differs from a serial A periodical publication, or just periodical, is a published work that appears in a new edition on a regular schedule. The most familiar examples are the newspaper, often published daily, or weekly; or the magazine, typically published weekly, monthly or as a quarterly. Other examples would be a newsletter, a literary journal or learned journal, publication such as a magazine Magazines, periodicals, glossies or serials are publications, generally published on a regular schedule, containing a variety of articles, generally financed by advertising, by a purchase price, by pre-paid magazine subscriptions, or all three. Magazines can be distributed through the mail; through sales by newsstands, bookstores or other vendors;, journal Open access journals are scholarly journals that are available to the reader without financial or other barrier other than access to the internet itself. Some are subsidized, and some require payment on behalf of the author. Subsidized journals are financed by an academic institution or a government information center, or newspaper A newspaper is a publication containing news, information, and advertising. General-interest newspapers often feature articles on political events, crime, business, art/entertainment, society and sports. Most traditional papers also feature an editorial page containing columns that express the personal opinions of writers. Supplementary sections.[1]
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Usage
Taxonomy (systematic biology)
In biological taxonomy a monograph is a comprehensive treatment of a taxon. Monographs typically revise all known species within a group, add any newly discovered species, and collect and synthesize available information on the ecological associations, geographic distributions, and morphological variations within the group. Example: Lent & Wygodzinsky, 1979, Revision of the Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), and their significance as vectors of Chagas' disease. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History v. 163, article 3, pp. 125-520. [2]
The first ever monograph of a plant taxon was Robert Morison's 1672 Plantarum Umbelliferarum Distributio Nova, a treatment of the Apiaceae The Apiaceae or Umbelliferae is a family of usually aromatic plants with hollow stems, commonly known as umbellifers. It includes cumin, parsley, anise, carrot, coriander/cilantro, dill, caraway, fennel, parsnip, celery, Queen Anne's Lace and other relatives. It is a large family with about 300 genera and more than 3,000 species. The earlier name.[3]
United States Food and Drug Administration regulation
In the context of Food and Drug Administration The Food and Drug Administration is a government agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. The FDA is responsible for regulating and supervising the safety of foods, tobacco products, dietary supplements, prescription and non-prescription medication, vaccines, biopharmaceuticals, blood transfusions, medical devices, (FDA) regulation, monographs represent published standards by which the use of one or more substances is automatically authorized. For example, the following is an excerpt from the Federal Register: "The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is issuing a final rule in the form of a final monograph establishing conditions under which over-the-counter (OTC) sunscreen drug products are generally recognized as safe and effective Generally recognized as safe and effective is a legal term used to describe certain old drugs that do not require prior approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in order to enter the United States marketplace because they are generally recognized as safe and effective by medical professionals and not misbranded as part of FDA's ongoing review of OTC drug products." [4] Such usage has given rise to the use of the word monograph as a verb, as in "this substance has been monographed by the FDA."
See also
References
- ^ Prytherch, Raymond John, Harrod's librarians' glossary and reference book : a directory of over 10,200 terms, organizations, projects and acronyms in the areas of information management, library science, publishing and archive management, 10th edn (Aldershot, Hants, England ; Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2005), p. 462.
- ^ http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/dspace/handle/2246/1282
- ^ Vines, Sydney Howard (1913). "Robert Morison 1620—1683 and John Ray 1627—1705". in Oliver, Francis Wall Francis Wall Oliver FRS was a British botanist. He was Quain Professor of Botany at University College London 1890-1925 and then Professor of Botany at the University of Cairo 1929–1935. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1905. He was awarded the Linnean Medal in 1925 (ed.). Makers of British Botany. Cambridge University Press. p. 22.
- ^ [Federal Register: May 21, 1999 (Volume 64, Number 98)][Rules and Regulations] [Page 27666-27693]From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov][DOCID:fr21my99-6]
External links
- Library Jargon Defined (Boise State University, Albertsons Library)
- What is a Monograph? NRC Research Press, CISTI, Ottawa, Canada
Categories: Books by type This is a category for different types of books, as distinct and separate from the Category:Books by genre. Types of books are defined by the format, method of manufacture, or appearance of the books. Genre refers to the content of the writing in the book | Book terminology Categories: Books | Bookselling | Book publishing | Book design | Book collecting | Academic publishing
Alamogordo Daily News
A monograph , "Cold War Balloon Flights 1945-1965" (on the Web site vectorsite.net), said microphones attached to the balloons listened for "sound waves. ...
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The excavations described in this report were carried out between 1981 and 1988 by the author on behalf of the Ancient Monuments Committee of the States of Guernsey under the
